Yii2 Relational Data

For example, the customer data is related with the order data because one customer may have placed one or multiple orders. With appropriate declaration of this relation, you'll be able to access a customer's order information using the expression $customer->orders which gives back the customer's order information in terms of an array of Order Active Record instances.

class Customer extends ActiveRecord
{
    // ...
    public function getOrders()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Order::className(), ['customer_id' => 'id']);
    }
}

class Order extends ActiveRecord
{
    // ...
    public function getCustomer()
    {
        return $this->hasOne(Customer::className(), ['id' => 'customer_id']);
    }
}

After declaring relations, you can access relational data through relation names. This is just like accessing an object property defined by the relation method. For this reason, we call it relation property. For example,

// SELECT * FROM `customer` WHERE `id` = 123
$customer = Customer::findOne(123);

// SELECT * FROM `order` WHERE `customer_id` = 123
// $orders is an array of Order objects
$orders = $customer->orders;

Relations via a Junction Table

class Order extends ActiveRecord
{
    public function getOrderItems()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(OrderItem::className(), ['order_id' => 'id']);
    }

    public function getItems()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Item::className(), ['id' => 'item_id'])
            ->via('orderItems');
    }
}

The usage of relations declared with a junction table is the same as that of normal relations. For example,

// SELECT * FROM `order` WHERE `id` = 100
$order = Order::findOne(100);

// SELECT * FROM `order_item` WHERE `order_id` = 100
// SELECT * FROM `item` WHERE `item_id` IN (...)
// returns an array of Item objects
$items = $order->items;